Which document guarantees freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition as part of the first ten amendments?

• A. The Constitution
• B. The Bill of Rights
• C. The Declaration of Independence
• D. The Federalist Papers

Answer: (B)

Identifying which document guarantees the basic civil liberties listed in the first ten amendments. The Bill of Rights is the set of the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, added in 1791 to protect individual liberties and limit government power. The freedoms of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition are specifically protected by the First Amendment, which is included in the Bill of Rights. The Constitution as a whole provides the framework of government, but these explicit guarantees come from the Bill of Rights. The Declaration of Independence is a statement of principles about rights and grievances, not a legal guarantee of liberties. The Federalist Papers are essays arguing for ratification and explaining constitutional principles, not the instrument that guarantees these rights.